Neuroscience

Fantastic neuroscience

10 MISC

Published:
Summary: Competition betwen Subnetworks Winnerless Competion: network activity spontaneously switch between same type of subnetworks Cell assemblies: some neurons in mammalian neocrotex connected specifically with higher connection probabilities and stronger weights. RSN (Resting State Networks) A series of functional networks maintain a ligh level of coherence even the brain is at rest 1. Whole-Brain Computational Connectomics Whole-brain computational models help neuropsychiatric disorders [Deco2014]. The Dynamical Balance of the Brain at Rest ↩︎
Pages: 10

9 Sleep

Published:
Summary: Review chronic pain, depression, sleep. Pain: “adapative” if it works to prevent futhure damage to tissue; “disruptive” if it goes beyond the biological functionalities. Disruptive pain or chronic pain usually cooccurs with depressive symptosm. Quote from 1 Among people with a chronic pain diagnosis, sleep disturbance is a common clinical symptom, with 50% to 90% of people with pain reporting sleep disturbances of some description, with insomnia being the most common problem.
Pages: 10

8 Lesion of Network

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Summary: Brain Injury, Tumor, etc
Pages: 10

7 Dispersion Relation

Published:
Summary: A network of neurons forms a field with the field value being the potential and every other valuable measurable quantities. With this concept set up, we could define plane waves on this network and perform linear stability analysis 1. Suppose we have a wave of the form $g(c t - x)$ travelling, which can be Fourier transformed into many plane waves. If the velocity of the wave doesn’t depend on the frequency of each Fourier mode, the wave would remain whatever it started as, which is non-dispersive.
Pages: 10

6 Signal Decomposition

Published:
Summary: Signals, electric potential or stimulations, are usually decomposed into different modes to study a system. The most prominant application is the measured signals, but stimulations should also be decomposed to study the response. Why would we expect the decomposition of signal in a brain to have any significance? For a neural system of tiny elements to really work out a complicated problem, everyone would expect that some of the neurons have to work collectively in order to solve the problem.
Pages: 10

5 Solitary Waves

Published:
Summary: Solitary waves can be an interesting way of propagating information. In neural networks, solitary waves were found decades ago. Solitary Waves We briefly review solitary waves mathematically and physically.
Pages: 10

4 Functional Connectivity

Published:
Summary: Biological neural networks are quite complicated in the sense of a function map from input to output. On the other hand, the building blocks of such networks are simple neurons which are the atomic “functions” of the whole network. As a physicist, we have been working with harmonic oscillators. Single oscillators have its frequency of oscillations. Coupled oscillators have their eigenmode, which are hidden collective behaviors of the oscillators. It seems that each oscillator is oscillating chaotically.
Pages: 10

3 Alzheimer's Disease

Published:
Summary: Pathology Amyloid-beta deposition in grey matter for Alzheimer’s disease. Accumulation of amyloid-beta then leads to oligomers which finally form plaques. It can alter intracellular Ca2+ levels. 1 Amyloid-beta can transmit between human 2 Network Dysfunction Hypersynchrony and altered oscillatory rhythmic activity 3 Intracellular amyloid-β in Alzheimer’s disease (Figure 3 is a nice illustration of the process), Poster: Amyloid-β and tau in Alzheimer’s disease ↩︎ Evidence for human transmission of amyloid-β pathology and cerebral amyloid angiopathy ↩︎
Pages: 10

2 Visual Cortex

Published:
Summary: FS in Visual Cortex Keywords Orientation selective neurons. Feedforward Recurrent Experiments: Linear amplifications of thalamic input Emergence of pairwise correlations Link between spontaneous and evoked activity. ( :ref:resting-state-networks ) Theory: Orientation Selectivity Index: OSI Arise of feature-specific (FS) connectivity: induced by learning rule?
Pages: 10

1 Biology

Published:
Summary: Terms & Concepts cell structure (check figure) Nucleus: administration office smooth endoplasmic reticulum: high way rough endoplasmic reticulum Mitochondrion: power plant Cytoplasm Centriole: combines the surrounding structure to be the centrosome Lysosome: trash can, and recycle system plasma membrane Golgi complex: post office Secretory Produced at RER Wrapped at Golgi Cell division cycle: For neurons, G0 is when the cells decides to divide or differentiate Interphase a. G0->G1->S->G2 Mitosis Cell membrane G Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCR): 7 transmembrane a.
Pages: 10